Co-Parent Pad for Torbay families Start for Life Offer
The Co-ParentPad© is a quick reference baby guide to support non-birthing parents who identify as LGBTQI+.
Highlight to listen
The Co-ParentPad© is a quick reference baby guide to support non-birthing parents who identify as LGBTQI+.
The Co-ParentPad© is a quick reference baby guide to support non-birthing parents who identify as LGBTQI+.
Traditional sources of information for new parents are commonly written for birthing mums in heterosexual relationships, which can leave other new-parent demographics feeling unseen, unsupported and/or discriminated against. The Co-ParentPad© is different.
Containing information on ‘baby basics’ – such as nappy changing, crying, sleep, feeding, holding and cleaning – there’s also essential details on preparing yourself and your partner for your pregnancy journey, supporting your partner in labour, and supporting each other in new parenthood. Written in LGBTQI+-affirming language and using appropriate terminology, the Co-ParentPad© is accompanied by bespoke illustrations which aim to represent the spectrum of parent identities and relationships in the UK today.
The Co-ParentPad© is available for FREE from your Torbay Family Hub and the maternity health professionals supporting your family.
For more information on the Co-ParentPad©, please click here link to: https://thedadpad.co.uk/category/about-coparentpad/]
Make an appointment to register your baby’s birth. You can also find details of who can register the birth and what happens at the appointment.
Make an appointment to register your baby’s birth. You can also find details of who can register the birth and what happens at the appointment.
Feeling stressed, tired or overwhelmed? We get it. When life throws you a curveball it can be hard to know where to turn to for support. Here at SNUG we have learned first hand how tough it can be if your entry into parenthood is impacted upon by a difficult pregnancy or birth. Over the years, we’ve learned that support can come in many forms, sometimes it means offloading with a cup of tea and slice of cake (recommended) other times it’s hearing others’ experiences and finding common ground.(also recommended!) Either way, our warm and caring community is right on hand and we can’t wait for you to be a part of it.
Feeling stressed, tired or overwhelmed? We get it. When life throws you a curveball it can be hard to know where to turn to for support. Here at SNUG we have learned first hand how tough it can be if your entry into parenthood is impacted upon by a difficult pregnancy or birth. Over the years, we’ve learned that support can come in many forms, sometimes it means offloading with a cup of tea and slice of cake (recommended) other times it’s hearing others’ experiences and finding common ground.(also recommended!) Either way, our warm and caring community is right on hand and we can’t wait for you to be a part of it.
Click here for more information on SNUG’s website.
SNUG offers an our online support group to all parents that have had ANY length stay in a neonatal unit in the Devon area, which includes Torbay.
We’re here to provide trusted health visiting support for families in Torbay, offering guidance on everything from infant feeding and child development to sleep routines and emotional wellbeing. Whether you're a new parent or navigating the toddler years, our team is here to help your family thrive.

We’re here to provide trusted health visiting support for families in Torbay, offering guidance on everything from infant feeding and child development to sleep routines and emotional wellbeing. Whether you’re a new parent or navigating the toddler years, our team is here to help your family thrive.
Health visitors are specially trained nurses or midwives who work with public health nurses and community nursery nurses who are part of our 0 to 19 Torbay and Torbay Family Hub service. Together, we help families stay healthy, happy, and confident as they raise their little ones.
We work with midwives, GPs, paediatricians, local family hubs and voluntary organisations to provide the best possible care to you and your family.
A member of the Health Visiting Team will see you at least at least four times:
We will also offer two further developmental reviews,when your baby is between 9 and 12 months old. and again when they are 2 years around 3 months old.
During these visits, we’ll talk about how you and your baby are doing and answer any questions you have.
You can email your local health visiting team to change or amend an appointment. You can find out more about these appointments on the Torbay Family Hub website.
Come along to a child health clinic for advice, information and support for you and your child’s health and development from your local Health Visiting Team. You can find details of your local Infant Feeding Clinic, Feed and Nurture Groups, No Rush to Mush and Supporting a Solid Start at the Torbay Family Hub website what’s on pages.

Pet Safety Reminder: Please keep pets secured or in a separate room during our visit. If this isn’t possible, we’ll need to reschedule.
Our health visiting team is here to support you and your family with expert advice on a range of topics including the following. Get in touch today to find out how we can help you and your little one.
Watch this health visiting in the community video to find out more about the role of a health visitor.
Chat to us via the Torbay Family Hub App, just download from the Play or Apple Stores.



If you ever have a medical concern about your child or yourself, please call NHS 111. In an emergency, always call 999.

“We had a great experience which helped me not quit breastfeeding and I’m extremely grateful for Gail’s non-judgemental holistic approach”.
– A parent attending the infant feeding clinic
Dads Matter UK provides support for dads worried about or suffering from depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Website: www.dadsmatteruk.org Facebook: @dadsmatteruk
Dads Matter UK provides support for dads worried about or suffering from depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Website: www.dadsmatteruk.org
Facebook: @dadsmatteruk
Support for parents of newborn twins and multiple births. The guide includes advice on sleep, feeding and postnatal depression.
Support for parents of newborn twins and multiple births. The guide includes advice on sleep, feeding and postnatal depression.
Every baby is offered newborn blood spot screening, also known as the heel prick test, ideally when they’re 5 days old.
Every baby is offered newborn blood spot screening, also known as the heel prick test, ideally when they’re 5 days old.
The newborn hearing screening test helps identify babies who have permanent hearing loss as early as possible. This means parents can get the support and advice they need right from the start.
The newborn hearing screening test helps identify babies who have permanent hearing loss as early as possible. This means parents can get the support and advice they need right from the start.
Register your baby with your GP as early as possible in case you need their help. You can use the pink card you’ll be given when you register your baby’s birth. Sign the card and take or post it to your GP.
Register your baby with your GP as early as possible in case you need their help. You can use the pink card you’ll be given when you register your baby’s birth. Sign the card and take or post it to your GP.
This NHS guide includes everything you need to know about caring for a baby. From how to hold your baby to chnaging their nappy and washing and bathing.
This NHS guide includes everything you need to know about caring for a baby. From how to hold your baby to chnaging their nappy and washing and bathing.
The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families
The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families
Here’s a quick guide to everything you need to know about caring for your new baby during those exhausting but wonderful early weeks.
Here’s a quick guide to everything you need to know about caring for your new baby during those exhausting but wonderful early weeks.
A crying baby can be exhausting and it can be hard to know what they need, especially in the early days. Use these tips to help soothe them.
A crying baby can be exhausting and it can be hard to know what they need, especially in the early days. Use these tips to help soothe them.
Colic is when a baby cries a lot but there’s no obvious cause. It’s a common problem that should get better by around 3 or 4 months of age.
Colic is when a baby cries a lot but there’s no obvious cause. It’s a common problem that should get better by around 3 or 4 months of age.
Cry-sis, the only UK charity offering help and support to parents with babies who cry excessively or have sleeping problems
Cry-sis, the only UK charity offering help and support to parents with babies who cry excessively or have sleeping problems
Caring for a baby can be challenging at times. Although you will have lots of great moments, you may also have some worries about what is best for your baby.
Caring for a baby can be challenging at times. Although you will have lots of great moments, you may also have some worries about what is best for your baby.
Baby Check features 19 simple checks that parents can do if their baby is showing signs of illness. Each check tests for a different symptom and when completed, a score is calculated that tells parents or carers how ill their baby is. The app then lets parents know whether their baby needs to see a doctor or health professional.
Baby Check features 19 simple checks that parents can do if their baby is showing signs of illness. Each check tests for a different symptom and when completed, a score is calculated that tells parents or carers how ill their baby is. The app then lets parents know whether their baby needs to see a doctor or health professional.
Download for FREE from Google Play or the App Store.
Special care for babies is sometimes provided on the ordinary postnatal ward and sometimes in a specialist newborn (neonatal) area.
Special care for babies is sometimes provided on the ordinary postnatal ward and sometimes in a specialist newborn (neonatal) area.
During your baby’s reviews your health visitor will discuss your baby’s health and development, and ask if you have any concerns.
During your baby’s reviews your health visitor will discuss your baby’s health and development, and ask if you have any concerns.
If your baby is gaining weight and you and your health visitor have no concerns, they should only be weighed once a month. This gives a clear idea of your baby’s weight gain over a period of time. See how your baby’s weight is monitored.
When baby arrives (10-14 days following delivery)
Your health visitor will visit you again at your home and share information around feeding, safe sleeping and caring for your baby. We’ll review your baby’s development and discuss how you’re feeling and any extra help you may need.
6 – 8 week visit
We will visit you at home to discuss your baby’s development and wellbeing. We will listen to how you are all feeling physically and emotionally and share information on topics such as feeding, immunisations and settling your baby.
12 – 18 weeks
During your baby’s reviews your health visitor will discuss your baby’s health and development, and ask if you have any concerns. They talk to you about your baby’s development and signpost you to helpful information, support and guidance.
Aged 8 – 12 months
We offer developmental reviews for your baby at around 9 months old. These will usually take place either in your home or at one of our children’s centres by a 0 to19 Family Health Worker.
We will talk to you about how your baby/child is growing and developing. We’ll share information about oral health, healthy eating, vision, hearing, language development and keeping your child safe.
Aged and 2 – 2½ years
You will be offer a developmental review when yur child is around 2 years and 3 months olds. We will talk to you about how your baby/child is growing and developing. We’ll share information about oral health, healthy eating, vision, hearing, language development and keeping your child safe.
Aged 4 – 5
We will take your child’s height and weight an undertake vision screening. Usually this will take place in your child’s school when they are in reception and you will receive a letter about it. Prior to your child starting primary school we will send you a questionnaire. It will ask questions about your child’s health to see if there is any support you or your child may need.
Download our helpful booklet ‘When you will see your health visiting team.’
All pregnant women will receive a personal child health record (PCHR), also known as the ‘red book’, and our antenatal pack. This details the support we can provide you and useful information before your child is born along with how to get in touch with us. You can use your red book to record your child’s weight and height, vaccinations and other important information.
All pregnant women will receive a personal child health record (PCHR), also known as the ‘red book’, and our antenatal pack. This details the support we can provide you and useful information before your child is born along with how to get in touch with us. You can use your red book to record your child’s weight and height, vaccinations and other important information.
You can also add information to the red book yourself. You may want to record any illnesses or accidents your baby has, or any medicines they take.
You’ll find it helpful to keep the developmental milestones section of the red book up-to-date, too.
If you have given us your email address when your health visitor met you before your baby was born, we will send you information and advice to support you and your partner while you are pregnant.
The NHS Start for Life website has an essential guide and tools so that you can have a healthy, happy baby. You can find all the information you need about parenting
The NHS Start for Life website has an essential guide and tools so that you can have a healthy, happy baby. You can find all the information you need about parenting
How to keep well after having a baby and where to get support. Includes how to register your baby with a GP, tips for new parents, advice for single parents and where to get support
How to keep well after having a baby and where to get support. Includes how to register your baby with a GP, tips for new parents, advice for single parents and where to get support
New dads will feel excited, but may also feel left out, unsure and overwhelmed. The DadPad® can help.
New dads will feel excited, but may also feel left out, unsure and overwhelmed. The DadPad® can help.
Developed with the NHS, the DadPad® gives new dads and dads-to-be the knowledge and practical skills needed to support themselves and their partner, so that babies get the best possible start in life.

The DadPad® app is available for free download across Torbay. Containing information on ‘baby basics’ – such as nappy changing, crying, sleep, feeding, holding and cleaning – there’s also essential details on looking after your own and baby’s mum’s mental health during this challenging time. There’s also a large section listing local and national support groups, services and organisations relevant to new families.
For more information on DadPad®, please speak to your Midwife or Health Visitor.
To download the DadPad® app for Torbay onto your phone or tablet, click here https://thedadpad.co.uk/app/
From the moment your child begins to explore, play becomes a powerful way for them to learn about the world. One simple but effective way to support their development is through positioning—how and where you place yourself during play.
From the moment your child begins to explore, play becomes a powerful way for them to learn about the world. One simple but effective way to support their development is through positioning—how and where you place yourself during play.
Being at your child’s level, making eye contact, and staying close enough to respond to their cues helps build connection and encourages deeper engagement in play. This also helps your child feel safe, seen, and supported.

At every stage, give your child lots of positive praise. As they become a toddler, they might need reassurance and support from you as they play.
Here are some easy ways to use positioning and play at home:

Big Brush Club are working with schools and early years settings to offer supervised toothbrushing for children every day. They equip staff with all the tools they need to run toothbrushing sessions, as well as provide expert guidance and ongoing support help parents and carers to understand the importance of oral hygiene by providing lots of support and resources for families.
Big Brush Club are working with schools and early years settings to offer supervised toothbrushing for children every day. They equip staff with all the tools they need to run toothbrushing sessions, as well as provide expert guidance and ongoing support help parents and carers to understand the importance of oral hygiene by providing lots of support and resources for families.
NHS England has selected At Home Dental, to deliver the Big Brush Club supervised toothbrushing programme for children in Early Years settings across the Southwest.
Look out for them popping into our family hub coffee mornings soon where they can offer advice and support on looking after your baby or child’s oral health.
Click on the button and for tips, information, advice and fun brushing videos.
The British Society of Paediatric Dentistry have downloadable leaflets created to support patients and their parents. They highly recommend their fun videos made with Dr Ranj - and Supertooth - which are on their Kidsvids page.
The British Society of Paediatric Dentistry have downloadable leaflets created to support patients and their parents. They highly recommend their fun videos made with Dr Ranj – and Supertooth – which are on their Kidsvids page.
You can download their leaflets from their website in many different languages. Here’s a couple of their leaflets in English.
Here’s a couple of the kidvids available. Click on kidsvids to see more.
Welcome to 0 to 19 Torbay. Helping families find ways to avoid illness and stay fit, happy and healthy.
Welcome to 0 to 19 Torbay. Helping families find ways to avoid illness and stay fit, happy and healthy.
Family Hubs are a new way of bringing together all the support a family may need and provides a welcoming space and a ‘front door’ for families from pregnancy through to young people turning 19 (or 25 if they experience SEND)
You can download our booklet here which is full of helpful information as you settle into the area. If you have any questions about our service or would like to find out what’s on in the area, please go to our website https://torbayfamilyhub.org.uk or find us on Facebook or Instagram, just search for 0to19Torbay. To access everything you need in one easy place, you may prefer to download the Family hub app.
Alternatively, you can contact our advice line on 0300 333 5352 or email
publichealthnursing.torbay@nhs.net.
As you connect with us, we hope you quickly feel welcome and
settled in Torbay.
Your midwife and health visitor will talk to you about how to sleep your baby safely when you are pregnant and after your baby is born. This is to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). We follow Lullaby Trust guidelines:
Your midwife and health visitor will talk to you about how to sleep your baby safely when you are pregnant and after your baby is born. This is to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). We follow Lullaby Trust guidelines:
Some families choose to co-sleep with their babies. This means they share a bed with their baby during the night, not just to feed or comfort. We do not recommend co-sleeping:
Find out more about co-sleeping from The Lullaby Trust here.
The Lullaby Trust can give you safer sleep advice, information, fact sheets and some videos on
This video contains further advice of how to reduce the risk of SIDS:
Safer sleep for babies
General information about children’s health including helpful resources to support you and your family. It’s a real worry when your child becomes ill. Understandably, we don’t want to take any risks.
General information about children’s health including helpful resources to support you and your family. It’s a real worry when your child becomes ill. Understandably, we don’t want to take any risks.
Here you will find useful information about registering with a GP, the importance of having a basic first aid kit, minor ailments and head lice and nits plus some other advice that will help keep your family healthy. You can find more information about child health on NHS UK and there are a number of apps available that offer further advice and support.
The Healthy Child Programme is designed to offer every family support in making healthy choices. It includes immunisations, health information, developmental reviews, and access to a range of community services and resources. Pregnancy and the first five years of life are one of the most important stages in life, as this is when the foundations of future health and wellbeing are laid down. The Healthy Child Programme is delivered and supported by Health Visiting teams during this phase. The Healthy Child Programme continues to be delivered and supported by School Nursing teams once your child starts school. If you have any worries about your baby’s or toddler’s development talk to your health visitor, even if it is some time since the last regular visit, or some time since you’ve been to a clinic. Health visitors can come to your home to talk through any concerns you have and can put you in touch with the people who can help if there are problems. Our 0 to 19 health practitioners will get in touch to review your child’s development at around 10 months and 2 years and 3 months If you are worried about your baby or child’s development or would like to contact our health visiting team, please give us a call on 0300 333 5352 (Monday – Friday 9am to 5pm) or email publichealthnursing.torbay@nhs.net
The Healthy Child Programme is designed to offer every family support in making healthy choices. It includes immunisations, health information, developmental reviews, and access to a range of community services and resources.
Pregnancy and the first five years of life are one of the most important stages in life, as this is when the foundations of future health and wellbeing are laid down. The Healthy Child Programme is delivered and supported by Health Visiting teams during this phase.
The Healthy Child Programme continues to be delivered and supported by School Nursing teams once your child starts school.
If you have any worries about your baby’s or toddler’s development talk to your health visitor, even if it is some time since the last regular visit, or some time since you’ve been to a clinic. Health visitors can come to your home to talk through any concerns you have and can put you in touch with the people who can help if there are problems.
Our 0 to 19 health practitioners will get in touch to review your child’s development at around 10 months and 2 years and 3 months
If you are worried about your baby or child’s development or would like to contact our health visiting team, please give us a call on 0300 333 5352 (Monday – Friday 9am to 5pm) or email publichealthnursing.torbay@nhs.net
Understanding your baby’s weight chart. Your child’s growth will be recorded on centile charts in their personal child health record (PCHR), or red book.
Understanding your baby’s weight chart. Your child’s growth will be recorded on centile charts in their personal child health record (PCHR), or red book.
The newborn hearing test is called the automated otoacoustic emission (AOAE) test. It takes just a few minutes. A small soft-tipped earpiece is placed in your baby’s ear and gentle clicking sounds are played.
The newborn hearing test is called the automated otoacoustic emission (AOAE) test. It takes just a few minutes. A small soft-tipped earpiece is placed in your baby’s ear and gentle clicking sounds are played.
The baby sleep info source. For parents who wish to make informed choices about infant sleep and night-time care.
The baby sleep info source. For parents who wish to make informed choices about infant sleep and night-time care.
Safer sleep for babies, Support for families The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families
Safer sleep for babies, Support for families
The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families
Baby’s first teeth usually appear at around six months of age.
Baby’s first teeth usually appear at around six months of age.
Some children have a tough time as the teeth break through the gums, it can be miserable and painful for them. Some babies do not seem troubled by this at all.
There is no set list of symptoms that means your baby is teething, but some parents say they notice their baby;
If your child seems poorly keep a close eye on them – it may not be teething and it is important you seek medical advice if you are unsure.
It is very important to be sure that your baby is not unwell with an illness that needs treating by a health professional.
Baby Teething Problems
When it comes to teething, all babies are different. But your baby will probably get their first tooth some time during their first year.
Keep reading to find out how to spot when your baby is teething and what order your baby’s teeth are likely to appear in.
When do babies start teething?
Some babies are born with their first teeth. Others start teething before they are 4 months old, and some after 12 months. But most babies start teething at around 6 months.
Teething symptoms
Baby teeth sometimes emerge with no pain or discomfort at all. At other times, you may notice that:
Read NHS UK’s tips on how to help your teething baby.
Some people think that teething causes other symptoms, such as diarrhoea and fever, but there’s no evidence to support this.
You know your baby best. If they have any symptoms that are causing you concern, then seek medical advice. You can call NHS 111 or contact your GP.
Read more about spotting the signs of serious illness.
Poor dental hygiene affects not only your child’s teeth but also their health and wellbeing.
Poor dental hygiene affects not only your child’s teeth but also their health and wellbeing.
Taking your child to the dentist from a young age (usually when their first milk teeth appear) is the best way to avoid problems such as tooth decay. Tooth decay can be avoidable yet it remains an issue in many young children.
Your child may experience pain or infections in the mouth which may cause other childhood difficulties such as poor eating habits, sleep disturbance and general behavioural issues. Registering with a Dentist and attending recommended reviews may help parents recognize if their children are at a particular risk of dental decay.
‘Brushing for Life’ is a government scheme to promote oral hygiene in young children. The ‘brushing for life’ pack contains a fluoride toothpaste and toothbrush offered to children under the age of 3. The pack also contains further information about dental care and keeping teeth healthy – these are provided from your health visitor at your child’s 9 to 12 month review.
Keeping your children’s teeth healthy will help them to maintain clean and healthy teeth and gums and develop good oral hygiene habits they will need throughout the rest of their lives. Remember the most important thing is brushing at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and to have regular dental check-ups. Although children enjoy eating and drinking sugary food and drinks it’s best to keep these to a minimum and for children to only have them at mealtimes.
Find out how you can help a child to have good mental health, including knowing how to talk to a child about their mental health, and when to spot signs they might be struggling.
Find out how you can help a child to have good mental health, including knowing how to talk to a child about their mental health, and when to spot signs they might be struggling.
Baby Check features 19 simple checks that parents can do if their baby is showing signs of illness. Each check tests for a different symptom and when completed, a score is calculated that tells parents or carers how ill their baby is. The app then lets parents know whether their baby needs to see a doctor or health professional.
Baby Check features 19 simple checks that parents can do if their baby is showing signs of illness. Each check tests for a different symptom and when completed, a score is calculated that tells parents or carers how ill their baby is. The app then lets parents know whether their baby needs to see a doctor or health professional.
Download for FREE from Google Play or the App Store.
Useful information on common childhood illnesses, wellbeing, and further information.
Useful information on common childhood illnesses, wellbeing, and further information.
A parents guide to common childhood illness and wellbeing – 0 to 4 years olds.
The HANDi Paediatric app gives up-to-date advice about common childhood illnesses and how to treat them. Developed by NHS organisations in Devon, the HANDi Paediatric app is available to download for free onto any Apple or Android smartphone or tablet.
The HANDi Paediatric app gives up-to-date advice about common childhood illnesses and how to treat them.
Developed by NHS organisations in Devon, the HANDi Paediatric app is available to download for free onto any Apple or Android smartphone or tablet.
Download the app for Apple devices
Download the app for Android devices
Caused by viruses, colds can’t be cured by antibiotics. But you can help relieve the symptoms and support your body as it fights the virus. Sore throats can be caused by both viruses and bacteria but are not usually serious. Dry coughs are caused by inflammation in the throat while chesty coughs are the result of phlegm being produced by the lungs. Mucus cough occurs when the phlegm is extra thick and needs thinning before the coughing action can work properly.
Caused by viruses, colds can’t be cured by antibiotics. But you can help relieve the symptoms and support your body as it fights the virus. Sore throats can be caused by both viruses and bacteria but are not usually serious. Dry coughs are caused by inflammation in the throat while chesty coughs are the result of phlegm being produced by the lungs. Mucus cough occurs when the phlegm is extra thick and needs thinning before the coughing action can work properly.
View or download this helpful leaflet on caring for children with coughs from the University of Bristol.
Cow’s Milk Allergy (also known as Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy or CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies to affect babies and young children in the United Kingdom. It is estimated to affect between 0.5% and 1% of babies under one. Cow’s milk allergy is an abnormal response by the body’s immune (defence) system in which proteins in a food (in this case cow’s milk) are recognised as being harmful. Whilst CMPA mostly affects formula fed babies, breast fed babies can also be affected too. Allergic symptoms to CMPA can happen immediately after feeding (IgE mediated) or they can be delayed (non IgE mediated).
Cow’s Milk Allergy (also known as Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy or CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies to affect babies and young children in the United Kingdom. It is estimated to affect between 0.5% and 1% of babies under one.
Cow’s milk allergy is an abnormal response by the body’s immune (defence) system in which proteins in a food (in this case cow’s milk) are recognised as being harmful.
Whilst CMPA mostly affects formula fed babies, breast fed babies can also be affected too. Allergic symptoms to CMPA can happen immediately after feeding (IgE mediated) or they can be delayed (non IgE mediated).
Constipation is a decrease in the frequency of bowel movements; characterized by the passing of hardened stools which may be large and associated with straining and pain.
Constipation is a decrease in the frequency of bowel movements; characterized by the passing of hardened stools which may be large and associated with straining and pain.
Normal stool frequency in children: ranges from an average of 4 per day in the first week of life to 2 per day at 1 year of age. Passing between 3 stools per day and 3 per week is usually attained by 4 years of age.
Contributing factors include: Pain, fever, inadequate fluid intake, reduced dietary fibre intake, toilet training issues, the effects of drugs, psychosocial issues, and a family history of constipation.
Signs of constipation
Two or more of the following clinical features indicate that a child is constipated:
Watch this animation from ERIC to understand how constipation affects children and how it should be treated:
Useful links
The organisations below can provide more information and support for parents and carers of children and young people with constipation:
ERIC (Education and Resources for Improving Childhood Continence): eric.org.uk
You can also go to NHS UK for more information about constipation in children
Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. They’re often caused by a stomach bug and should stop in a few days.
Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. They’re often caused by a stomach bug and should stop in a few days.
The advice is the same if you have diarrhoea and vomiting together or separately.
These are serious life threatening illnesses with many different causes. Anyone of any age can get meningitis or septicaemia.
These are serious life threatening illnesses with many different causes. Anyone of any age can get meningitis or septicaemia.
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body’s response to an infection injures its own tissues and organs.
It occurs when the body’s immune system – which normally helps to protect us and fight infection – goes into overdrive. It can lead to shock, multiple organ failure and sometimes death, especially if not recognised early and treated promptly.
Sepsis is indiscriminate: while it primarily affects very young children and older adults, and is also more common in people with underlying health conditions, it can sometimes be triggered in those who are otherwise fit and healthy.
Sepsis always starts with an infection, and can be triggered by any infection including chest infections and UTIs. It is not known why some people develop sepsis in response to these common infections whereas others don’t.
For more information see:
View or download these helpful leaflets.
Community pharmacists and pharmacy technicians are qualified healthcare professionals, and are the right people to see if you need clinical advice, reassurance, over the counter medicines and even a private consultation room, should it be requested, to help safely manage a range of minor health concerns. Local pharmacy teams offer fast and convenient clinical support with no appointment needed.
Community pharmacists and pharmacy technicians are qualified healthcare professionals, and are the right people to see if you need clinical advice, reassurance, over the counter medicines and even a private consultation room, should it be requested, to help safely manage a range of minor health concerns. Local pharmacy teams offer fast and convenient clinical support with no appointment needed.
Childhood vaccinations – or jabs have been around for over 200 years starting with the first smallpox vaccine. Different vaccinations are given out at different times across childhood. But don’t worry if you or your child has missed out you can catch-up. Vaccines work by teaching your immune system how to create antibodies that protect you from diseases. Think of antibodies as your body’s defence system. It’s much safer for your immune system to learn this through vaccination than by catching the diseases and treating them. Once your immune system knows how to fight a disease, it can often protect you for many years.
Childhood vaccinations – or jabs have been around for over 200 years starting with the first smallpox vaccine. Different vaccinations are given out at different times across childhood. But don’t worry if you or your child has missed out you can catch-up. Vaccines work by teaching your immune system how to create antibodies that protect you from diseases. Think of antibodies as your body’s defence system. It’s much safer for your immune system to learn this through vaccination than by catching the diseases and treating them. Once your immune system knows how to fight a disease, it can often protect you for many years.
Vaccines all have different names depending on what disease they are helping to protect you against. The diseases they cover may be in their medical term rather than how we know them so whooping cough has the medical term pertussis! They may also be reduced down as their long name is a bit of a tongue-twister – so Hib stands for Haemophilus Influenzae type b.
They can also be delivered to different sites – thigh, upper arm or into the nostrils.
Below lists the standard routine childhood immunisations with when you should have expected to have them, what they are for and where you will receive them.
Routine Childhood Immunisations poster
Frequently Asked Questions:
I think I’m missing some of my childhood vaccinations – how do I find out?
First step is to find out whether you have a completed red book which includes a section on your vaccination history.- You can also check your vaccination history via the NHS app.
I know I am missing some of my childhood vaccinations – how do I access them?
Contact your GP surgery to find out the best way to book in for your missed vaccinations.
I’m not sure if my child is up to date with their childhood vaccinations – how do I find out?
First step is to check your child’s red book which includes a section on your vaccination history.
If you’re not sure you took this with you to the vaccination or you can’t find it. The next step is the NHS app from here you can also view your child’s vaccination record. If you’re child has not been added to your account, please contact your GP surgery.
I know I my child is missing some of their childhood vaccinations – how do I access them?
Contact your GP surgery
Are vaccines important?
Yes! Vaccines can help prevent you or your child becoming infected. The side-effects of these diseases can cause painful and/or permanent disabilities. Vaccines also help to protect the community, we see less of these nasty infections because of the majority of the population is vaccinated – something referred to as herd immunity. This also helps to protect those who can’t get vaccinated or have low immune systems for example those undergoing cancer treatment.
Some of the vaccines such as the HPV vaccine help to also reduce the risk of cervical cancer later in life.
If you’re a young person and would like to catch up on any vaccines you have missed, these can still protect you as you head into adulthood. They’re not just for when you’re young!
Useful sites:
Spotlight on Measles: This is an infection that can spread easily for example through the sharing of utensils, towels, clothes or bedding.
It can appear like a cold with symptoms like a high temperature, runny or blocked nose, sneezing and a cough. It can include red, sore, watery eyes – which means at the first stage you may not know it is measles.
The rash will appear a few days later.
Measles can lead to more serious problems such as pneumonia, meningitis, blindness and seizures – this is why the vaccine is key to protect the community. When a child or adult has measles they can’t attend nursery, school or work for at least 4 days after the rash appears. They need to avoid close contact with babies, people who are pregnant and people with weakened immune systems. Catching measles in pregnancy can cause miscarriage or still birth, premature birth or having a baby of low birth weight.

You are one click away from hundreds of apps that can help you with your health and wellbeing.
You are one click away from hundreds of apps that can help you with your health and wellbeing.
All the apps in your Health App Library have been tested (assessed) by the Organisation for the Review of Care and Health Apps (ORCHA).
Start browsing your Health App Library now by using the search bar at the top. Or click on a category such as sleep, women’s health, men’s health or mental health.
General information about children’s health including helpful resources to support you and your family. It’s a real worry when your child becomes ill. Understandably, we don’t want to take any risks.
General information about children’s health including helpful resources to support you and your family. It’s a real worry when your child becomes ill. Understandably, we don’t want to take any risks.
Here you will find useful information about registering with a GP, the importance of having a basic first aid kit, minor ailments and head lice and nits plus some other advice that will help keep your family healthy. You can find more information about child health on NHS UK and there are a number of apps available that offer further advice and support.
Sleep
Getting into good sleeping habits is important for all of us. This can seem difficult at times when you have children, however, good sleep is important for your child’s physical and mental wellbeing as well as your own. The following links provide some excellent advice that you can follow for yourself with your family. If for any reason problems still persist, please contact your 0 to 19 team for further advice.
Find out more about the following sleep related concerns.
Teeth and toothbrushing
Poor dental hygiene affects not only your child’s teeth but also their health and wellbeing.
Taking your child to the dentist from a young age (usually when their first milk teeth appear) is the best way to avoid problems such as tooth decay. Tooth decay can be avoidable yet it remains an issue in many young children.
Your child may experience pain or infections in the mouth which may cause other childhood difficulties such as poor eating habits, sleep disturbance and general behavioural issues. Registering with a Dentist and attending recommended reviews may help parents recognize if their children are at a particular risk of dental decay.
‘Brushing for Life’ is a government scheme to promote oral hygiene in young children. The ‘brushing for life’ pack contains a fluoride toothpaste and toothbrush offered to children under the age of 3. The pack also contains further information about dental care and keeping teeth healthy – these are provided from your health visitor at your child’s 9 to 12 month review.
Keeping your children’s teeth healthy will help them to maintain clean and healthy teeth and gums and develop good oral hygiene habits they will need throughout the rest of their lives. Remember the most important thing is brushing at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and to have regular dental check-ups. Although children enjoy eating and drinking sugary food and drinks it’s best to keep these to a minimum and for children to only have them at mealtimes.
Headlice
Head lice infestation is a condition caused by a parasitic insect. Live lice can be found anywhere on the scalp; the eggs are most commonly found behind the ears and at the back of the neck. The severity of infestation varies from a few lice to thousands of lice, but a typical infestation might have about 30 lice per head. Head lice infestation is most common in children 4–11 years of age.
Confirming active infestation of head lice includes systematic combing of wet or dry hair with a head lice detection comb. A live louse must be found in order to confirm active head lice infestation. An itching scalp is not sufficient to diagnose active infestation.
The presence of louse eggs alone, whether hatched (nits) or unhatched, does not indicate active infestation as it is hard to distinguish between dead and live eggs with the naked eye, and eggs may maintain a viable appearance for weeks after death.
All members of the household and close contacts should also be checked for head lice as untreated family members and close contacts may cause re-infestation in the people, who have been treated.
Treatment of head lice
First line treatment is Dimeticone 4% lotion (Hedrin) which is a physical insecticide. This can be purchased over the counter or be given as a prescription. It is rubbed into dry hair and scalp, allowed to dry naturally, shampoo is applied and rinsed off after at least 8 hours (or overnight). A repeat application is needed after 7 days. This prescription can be given by a Health Visitor or a GP.
For further information:
British Association of Dermatologists
The NHS website – Head lice and nits
Helpful videos
Torbay health and care videos – finding and treating headlice
Toileting
Daytime wetting
If your child has not been fully successful with toilet training and continues to have accidents once they start school your 0 to 19 service can offer continued support.
Daytime wetting affects 1 in 75 children aged 5 years and above. It is usual for younger children to have wetting accidents as part of the toilet training process but as children get older, daytime wetting can be more difficult to manage at school or in social situations.
The following are ways in which you as a parent can support your child:
daytime-wetting
Nightime wetting
Bedwetting (known as Nocturnal Enuresis) is a common childhood condition affecting an estimated 500,000 children and young people in the United Kingdom (UK). Bedwetting usually stops happening as your child gets older without the need for any treatment. Please be aware that bedwetting is not the child’s fault, it happens during sleep and there is no conscious awareness that it is happening.
The following are ways in which you as a parent can support your child:
Please note that much of the above information has been resourced from the ERIC website. The ERIC website is an excellent resource for further information, advice and support around this topic.
night-time-wetting
Soiling
Soiling is when a child regularly poos their pants. If they are already potty-trained, the soiling is often because they are badly constipated.
You may feel angry or frustrated when your child keeps pooing themselves. But they aren’t likely to be doing it on purpose and may not even realise its happening. Causes of soiling, advice about when to seek medical help and treatment from a GP and things to try at home can be found on the NHS website.
The NHS website – Soiling (child pooing their pants)
There is also a lot of useful information about young children and school aged children soiling, and a ‘poo guide’ on the ERIC website.
ERIC – Guides to children’s bowel & bladder problems
Constipation
Constipation is a problem for 1 in 3 children. It commonly starts around the potty training stage and can also affect babies.
It is a medical problem that needs treating properly to stop it getting worse. Constipation won’t go away by itself.
Go to the ERIC website to find out the common causes, the signs to look out for and how to relieve constipation in your child.
constipation-soiling
Additional help
Seek professional support from your 0 to19 public health nurse team if problems persist and can complete a professional assessment to identify why the issue is happening and offer support to resolve or manage it.
ERIC – Children’s Bladder & Bowel Charity – Free helpline: 0808 169 9949 (Monday to Thursday, 10am – 2pm)
The NHS website – Constipation in young children
The NHS website – Pelvic floor exercises
Hand washing
It’s really important for children to learn how and when to keep their hands clean as it stops germs from spreading and helps prevent your child and those around them from getting an infection.
How to wash hands
Use warm water and soap and make up a lather on both sides of the hands, wrists, between the fingers and around the nails. Hand washing should take about 10 to 15 seconds.
When to wash hands
Home hygiene
Keeping your home clean helps to avoid germs spreading and causing illnesses. A germ is a microbe that causes disease. Not all microbes are germs – there are many microbes in our environment that do not, or only rarely cause infection.
In any home there will be many millions of microbes including some germs. Good hygiene doesn’t mean getting rid of all the germs in the whole house; it means getting rid of as many germs as possible, where and when there is a risk of them spreading and causing infection.
A healthy place to live
Washing with hot, soapy water and using disinfectants to clean floors and surfaces, and washing laundry at the right temperature to kill germs can help make your home a healthy place to live.
Cleaning means removing visible dirt by vacuum cleaning, damp dusting, or washing with warm water and detergent. Cleaning removes dirt and some germs but does not necessarily reduce them to a ‘safe’ level.
Hygienic cleaning means removing dirt and getting rid of as many germs as possible, either by removing them or killing them by disinfecting.
After hygienic cleaning, surfaces should be dried. Drying can be by air drying, tumble drying, hanging to dry or by using clean towels, cloths or paper towels on surfaces.
Helpful information and advice
It’s also really important for you, your child and others in your household to keep your hands clean to help stop germs from spreading. Teach your child how to wash their hands.
A car seat is probably one of the most important purchases you will make for your child, but with so many types and models of car seat on the market, it can be difficult to know where to start and which one to choose.
A car seat is probably one of the most important purchases you will make for your child, but with so many types and models of car seat on the market, it can be difficult to know where to start and which one to choose.
You’ll need to buy a baby car seat before your baby is born. It’s important to buy one that fits your car and is suitable for a newborn. The NHS website has information on choosing a baby car seat.
Find out more about choosing and fitting a car seat here.
NHS advice about choosing a car seat
ROSPA’s guide to choosing and fitting the right car seat and your other questions.
Child accident prevention trust guide to in car safety.
As you start weaning your baby, they may be at risk of choking. Find out what to look for and what to do.
As you start weaning your baby, they may be at risk of choking. Find out what to look for and what to do.
Watch this short video from St. Johns Ambulance or for more advice go to their website.
View or download our handy leaflet here.
Your midwife and health visitor will talk to you about how to sleep your baby safely when you are pregnant and after your baby is born. This is to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). We follow Lullaby Trust guidelines:
Your midwife and health visitor will talk to you about how to sleep your baby safely when you are pregnant and after your baby is born. This is to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). We follow Lullaby Trust guidelines:
Some families choose to co-sleep with their babies. This means they share a bed with their baby during the night, not just to feed or comfort. We do not recommend co-sleeping:
Find out more about co-sleeping from The Lullaby Trust here.
The Lullaby Trust can give you safer sleep advice, information, fact sheets and some videos on
This video contains further advice of how to reduce the risk of SIDS:
Safer sleep for babies
How safer sleep advice reduces the chance of SIDS.
How safer sleep advice reduces the chance of SIDS.
Co-sleeping with your baby. Some parents choose to share a bed or other sleep surface (also known as co-sleeping) with their babies. Advice on how to co-sleep more safely.
Co-sleeping with your baby. Some parents choose to share a bed or other sleep surface (also known as co-sleeping) with their babies. Advice on how to co-sleep more safely.
A practical guide for parents and carers on how to keep children safe online.
A practical guide for parents and carers on how to keep children safe online.
Babies and young children can become ill during very hot weather. Try these tips for keeping your child happy and healthy in the heat.
Babies and young children can become ill during very hot weather. Try these tips for keeping your child happy and healthy in the heat.
Road and pedestrian safety, fact sheets and more information and advice from the Child Accident prevention Trust
Road and pedestrian safety, fact sheets and more information and advice from the Child Accident prevention Trust
Prevention is key, so get down to your child’s level to check what they can see and reach. You’ll also need to do this when you visit new places. The Child Accident Prevention Trust (CAPT) has information on garden sfaety, preventing burns, button batteries, poisioning and lots more
Prevention is key, so get down to your child’s level to check what they can see and reach. You’ll also need to do this when you visit new places. The Child Accident Prevention Trust (CAPT) has information on garden sfaety, preventing burns, button batteries, poisioning and lots more
The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families
The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families
What do if your child has an accident and the latest safety advice.
What do if your child has an accident and the latest safety advice.
Ideas to develop your baby or child’s early communication skills. Find strategies, activities and resources that will help your child develop understanding, talking or communication skills. The resources and activities might be things you choose to do yourself at home. They might also include more particular activities advised by a practitioner or activities and programmes that your child’s school or setting might use. You may find more specific activities that can be advised or delivered by a speech and language therapist.
Ideas to develop your baby or child’s early communication skills. Find strategies, activities and resources that will help your child develop understanding, talking or communication skills. The resources and activities might be things you choose to do yourself at home. They might also include more particular activities advised by a practitioner or activities and programmes that your child’s school or setting might use. You may find more specific activities that can be advised or delivered by a speech and language therapist.
It is sometimes hard to know what to do and where to go to support infant feeding, whether its breast or formula feeding or starting solid foods.
It is sometimes hard to know what to do and where to go to support infant feeding, whether its breast or formula feeding or starting solid foods.
Click on the visit site button for Information, advice, useful videos and apps for parents, carers, co-parents, fathers and where to find support.
In this video, learn how a child’s earliest experiences build brain architecture and have a lasting impact on lifelong learning and health.
In this video, learn how a child’s earliest experiences build brain architecture and have a lasting impact on lifelong learning and health.
Positive play top tips: Encourage child-led play to support your child’s development. Play fosters positive feelings and shared experiences between parent and child, helping to build strong emotional connections
Positive play top tips: Encourage child-led play to support your child’s development. Play fosters positive feelings and shared experiences between parent and child, helping to build strong emotional connections
Play supports the development of:
Remember to give your child time to explore and lead the play without taking over.
Treasure baskets are great for engaging your baby into the natural discovery of everyday objects found in the home.
Treasure baskets are great for engaging your baby into the natural discovery of everyday objects found in the home.
Babies are curious about their surroundings and learn through their senses. Treasure baskets are an ideal way to engage this natural discovery, using every day objects.
Safety note: Only use items which are safe for your child to use and put into their mouths. This play must be supervised by an adult.

Find a basket or box with strong sides, that your baby can easily access. Fill this with a variety of objects such as:
You can put a piece of material or a scarf inside the basket to line it. Fill the basket with a variety of everyday objects with differing textures, such as wooden objects, textiles, metal utensils,scented items and natural resources.
For more information on helping your child to communicate, visit How can I help my child communicate with me? – CBeebies Parenting
For more information on the importance of play for babies, visit Why is it important to play with newborns? – CBeebies Parenting
For more information on how toddlers learn through play, visit How toddlers learn through play – CBeebies Parenting
Useful information, advice and websites to find out more about your babies development around tummy time, rolling and sitting, crawling and walking.
Useful information, advice and websites to find out more about your babies development around tummy time, rolling and sitting, crawling and walking.
During the earliest months and years of life, the architecture of the brain is being built at an unparalleled rate in response to nurturing early experiences. 90% of brain development has happened by the age of 5. Find out more below plus advice, links to video clips, local and national information and guidance.
You can access a free interactive online course which helps parents, families, carers and professionals feel more confident when looking after their children and young people. Just use the access code TAMAR
Ways to get your baby moving
Find out more about the following by clicking on the links.
The development process involves learning and mastering skills like sitting, walking, talking, skipping, and tying shoes. Children learn these skills, called developmental milestones, during predictable time periods.
Your child will receive five health and development reviews during their first 3 years. You can find out more about these on the NHS UK website.
From 0-6 months you can start encouraging your baby to spend 30 minutes a day enjoying tummy time:
From 0-6 months you can start encouraging your baby to spend 30 minutes a day enjoying tummy time:
Start with short periods of tummy time and build up the amount of time slowly.
You need to get down on the floor with your baby or hold them on your arm for support, so they can practice lifting their head.
Playing, talking, cuddling, reading, and singing together can help distract baby while they are on their tummy.
Find out more about baby moves, tummy time, crawling and playtime at Start for Life
It is important to lay your baby on their tummy and encourage them to lift their head to look around. Doing this helps to strengthen the muscles in their neck, shoulders, back and hips, which will help them learn to hold their head up, roll over, sit, crawl and eventually walk. Tummy time also reduces the risk of developing flattening at the back or one side of your baby’s head.
How You Can Help
You can start doing tummy time from birth by lying your baby on your chest – but only do this when you’re wide awake and unlikely to fall asleep.
Little and often is best to begin with. Gradually increase the amount of time you do this day by day. Then, when your baby is ready, try doing tummy time on the floor. If your baby has difficulty lifting their head, you can roll up a towel and put it under their armpits. Put some toys nearby for them to reach out to.
Only do tummy time when your baby is awake and alert, and you’re there to keep an eye on them.
Aim for around 20 to 30 minutes a day of tummy time by the time your baby is 3 or 4 months old, until they are able to roll over on their own.
Our 0 to 19 health practitioners will get in touch to review your child’s development at around 10 months and 2 years and 3 months. We will talk to you about how your baby/child is growing and developing. We’ll share information about oral health, healthy eating, vision, hearing, language development and keeping your child safe.
Our 0 to 19 health practitioners will get in touch to review your child’s development at around 10 months and 2 years and 3 months. We will talk to you about how your baby/child is growing and developing. We’ll share information about oral health, healthy eating, vision, hearing, language development and keeping your child safe.
It’s helpful, where possible, for both parents to attend. This gives you both a chance to ask questions and talk about any concerns you have.
If you are concerned about your child’s development it is important to seek support and advice. You can contact our health team by calling our advice line on 0300 333 5352 or email publichealthnursing.torbay@nhs.net. Our opening hours are 9am-5pm Monday-Friday (excluding bank holidays). A member of our 0 to19 team is able to complete an assessment of your child and refer to other services as needed, including: community paediatrician, speech and language therapy, hearing assessment, and vision assessment.
If your child attends school, nursery or a registered childminder, talk to them about your worries – they will be able to work with you to build your child’s skills and advise on any next steps needed.”
Babies learn to roll to grasp for toys that are outside of their reach and to explore their environment.
Babies learn to roll to grasp for toys that are outside of their reach and to explore their environment.
How can I encourage my baby to sit?
Rolling develops the muscles in your baby’s tummy and back, which helps them to gain the strength they need to sit and move between positions. It allows them to explore and gain new experiences, which helps with other areas of development.
How can I encourage my baby to roll?
It’s important for your baby to spend lots of time every day on the floor playing in different positions. Placing toys just out of your child’s reach around them on the floor will encourage them to try to roll.
Ensure your child isn’t always placed under a baby gym when they’re on the floor, where toys are in easy reach above them. Avoid placing them in any type of seat – including bouncy chairs, push chairs, car seats, door bouncers and baby walkers – for long periods, as this may prevent them from learning how to roll.
How often should I practice rolling with my baby?
Encourage your baby to roll throughout the day. If you’re moving them from their front to their back, or from their back to their front, help them to roll rather than picking them up and placing them.
Rolling from tummy to back
Babies usually first learn to roll from their tummy to their back by pushing up unevenly on their hands and rolling to one side. It’s really important to place your baby on their tummy to play frequently throughout the day so they have the chance to practice this skill.
Rolling from back to tummy
How can I encourage my baby to sit?
Sit with your baby on the floor, supporting them around their body
How can I help my baby learn to get from lying to sitting?
When to ask for help
If they can’t roll to either side by around six months, or they can’t temporarily hold a sitting position by around nine months, and you’ve tried all of these techniques but you’re still not seeing any improvement after a few months,
please speak to your health visitor or GP.
If they can’t get from a lying to a sitting position by twelve months, please speak to your health visitor or GP.
Who can help
NHS guidance video: What can I do to encourage my baby to sit and crawl?
Take a look at the Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapist’s leaflet Promoting Physical Development: Lying to Sitting.
Children’s brains develop fastest and are at their most ‘plastic’ or adaptable in the womb and early years of life. During this time, many millions of neural are made and then pruned. This builds the architecture of the brain upon which other forms of development will rest.
Children’s brains develop fastest and are at their most ‘plastic’ or adaptable in the womb and early years of life. During this time, many millions of neural are made and then pruned. This builds the architecture of the brain upon which other forms of development will rest.
Right from birth, every time you play with your child, use silly voices, or even sing, you’re not just bonding, you’re building their brain. Find brain building tips from the NSPCC here
Building young brains with the Big Little Moments. Babies and toddlers are growing and learning every day and the little moments you share can make a big difference. From morning time to bedtime, waiting for the bus to playing together, every moment is a chance to help build a child’s brain.
The Brain Story is about how experiences shape our brains. It is a story for everyone, as we all depend on those around us for the experiences that build our brain architecture. This forms the foundation on which our future learning, behaviour and health is built. Read more from the Oxford Brain story.
Building a healthy brain. The world in which a young child grows up shapes the way their brain develops. The key to a healthy future, is a healthy start. The world around a child has a significant influence on their development so valuing the role of parents, carers and families is crucial. Find out more from the Royal Foundation, Centre for Early Childhood.
Early experiences affect the development of brain architecture, which provides the foundation for all future learning, behaviour, and health. Just as a weak foundation compromises the quality and strength of a house, adverse experiences early in life can impair brain architecture, with negative effects lasting into adulthood.
Serve & Return Interaction Shapes Brain Circuitry
A serve and return interaction is when an infant or young child babbles, gestures, or cries, and an adult responds appropriately with eye contact, words, or a hug. This responsive interaction builds and strengthens neural connections in the child’s brain that support the development of communication and social skills, as well as lifelong learning, health, and well-being.
Check out this video to learn more about serve and return and dive into the science behind it from the Center on the Developing Child.
5 Steps for Brain-Building Serve and Return
This how-to video from the Center on the Developing Child breaks down serve and return into five simple steps that are easy to do at home, or pretty much anywhere!
Download this flier from your 0 to 19 Torbay team.
During a baby’s first year, they will gradually gain coordination and muscle strength, and learn to sit, roll over and crawl. The next phase is to pull him or herself up to standing, initially with support and then it’s a matter of gaining confidence and balance in order to prepare for walking. Babies who bottom-shuffle tend to walk later than babies who crawl.
During a baby’s first year, they will gradually gain coordination and muscle strength, and learn to sit, roll over and crawl. The next phase is to pull him or herself up to standing, initially with support and then it’s a matter of gaining confidence and balance in order to prepare for walking. Babies who bottom-shuffle tend to walk later than babies who crawl.
All babies develop at different rates.
Baby on the Move – 5 Ways to Encourage Crawling
How can I help my child to stand?
You can hold your child supported in a standing position from an early age. This allows them to experience the feeling of their body weight through their feet. They may bounce up and down, which develops the strength in their leg muscles.
You can stand your child in many different ways, for example on your lap when you’re sitting in a chair, in front of a coffee table or sofa, or on the sofa cushion next to you with their back against the back cushions.
As they get stronger, they’ll need less support from you and start to use their hands on the furniture to support themselves more. When they can stand briefly without holding on, they’re ready to learn to step along the furniture or ‘cruise’.
How can I help my child to learn to pull to stand?
Babies pull themselves to standing at furniture to prepare for standing without holding on and eventually walking.
A child may start to pull to stand as early as nine months of age or as late as 18 months. Children who bottom shuffle rather than crawl are often later in pulling to stand. At first they’ll be unable to get back down to sitting in a controlled way, and will ‘plop’ back onto their bottom.
It’s important for your child to spend lots of time every day on the floor playing in different positions.
What can delay my child learning to pull to stand?
The Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapists doesn’t recommend the use of baby walkers and door bouncers. Baby bouncers and baby walkers can actually delay a child’s ability to learn to pull to stand and to stand without help. This is because they support the child in a position they’re not developmentally ready for and don’t allow the child the opportunity to develop strength in the right muscles. Because you have to lift them in and out of the equipment they can’t learn how to move in and out of standing for themselves.
How can I help my child to start stepping?
Once your child is confident in standing, they’ll be keen to explore by taking steps. They will usually side step along furniture first.
As they stand at a coffee table or sofa, place a toy just out of their reach. This will encourage them to try and step sideways along the furniture towards it. Walking along furniture helps them develop strength and balance.
As their confidence increases, they’ll hold on with one hand only and eventually let go. You can walk along with your child holding their hands until they’re ready to let go.
Push-along toys can be fun as a child moves from cruising to walking independently. Heavier wooden trolley style toys give them more stability than lighter plastic ones.
Walking patterns vary from one child to another. It’s easy to feel concerned about the following things, but they’re all normal variations that don’t need checking by a physiotherapist:
Flat feet: All children are born with flat feet; the arch of the foot develops gradually over the first 10 years of life, and 20% of six year olds still have flat feet. There’s no evidence that insoles will help an arch to develop, but they may be useful if a child is experiencing foot and ankle pain when they walk.
Intoeing: This is where the knee and foot turn inwards when a child stands. It’s common, and happens to girls more than boys. Often children who intoe sit in a W kneeling position to play. Intoeing tends to improve gradually up to the age of around eight, and in many cases will resolve completely without treatment. The child doesn’t need to be seen by a physiotherapist unless they’re having difficulty walking or running. Encourage them to sit cross legged rather than in a W, and to take part in sports. Don’t ask them to try and correct the way they walk
Bow legs: This is when there’s a larger gap between the knees than the ankles when the child stands. This usually corrects naturally by the time the child is three. They don’t need to be assessed by a physiotherapist unless one leg appears bowed while the other one is straight
Knock knees: This is when there’s a larger gap between the ankles than the knees when the child stands, and it’s common in children between the ages of three and eight. This usually improves over time without treatment. They don’t need to be assessed by a physiotherapist unless one leg appears more bent than the other, or if the gap is very large.
Curled toes: This is when the toes are not straight and is common in young children and often runs in families. No treatment is needed unless there’s pain, or a change in the skin or nail.
Toe walking: This is when a child walks on their tiptoes. There are many different reasons why this might happen, and it often runs in families. If it interferes with the child’s daily activities please ask our Health Visitors for advice.
You can find lots of information and advice on the Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapist’s website including advice on:
When to ask for help
If at around six months when lying or standing they either hold their legs in a stiff position or in a very relaxed ‘froglike’ position, or by nine months they lift their legs up when you place them in a standing position, please speak to your health visitor.
If by twelve months of age if they find it difficult to pull up into a standing position because their legs are stiff or they walk on tiptoes, please speak to your health visitor.
If they can’t stand from the floor without using furniture for support by two years old, please speak to your health visitor or GP.
Your baby’s favourite playmate is you – so try to spend time playing with your baby every day. Did you know that playing actually requires a lot of your baby’s brain and muscle power? It helps develop their social, intellectual, language and problem-solving skills – and is one of the main ways they learn about the world.
Your baby’s favourite playmate is you – so try to spend time playing with your baby every day. Did you know that playing actually requires a lot of your baby’s brain and muscle power? It helps develop their social, intellectual, language and problem-solving skills – and is one of the main ways they learn about the world.
A developmental milestone is an ability that is achieved by most children by a certain age. All children develop at different rates dependant on their family’s background, their personality and how they are parented. Developmental milestones can involve physical, social, emotional, cognitive, and communication skills.
A developmental milestone is an ability that is achieved by most children by a certain age. All children develop at different rates dependant on their family’s background, their personality and how they are parented. Developmental milestones can involve physical, social, emotional, cognitive, and communication skills.
You can get information and advice about this on the Birth-to-five development timeline. This is an interactive guide to child development from birth to five years old, including videos and advice to help parents, which can be found on the NHS website.
As a parent, your relationship with your child is important to help your child to develop mentally, physically and emotionally into adulthood. A baby that experiences regular and sensitive care learns that they are worthy of that care.
If you are concerned about your child’s development it is important to seek support and advice. You can contact our health team by calling our advice line on 0300 333 5352 or email publichealthnursing.torbay@nhs.net. Our opening hours are 9am-5pm Monday-Friday (excluding bank holidays).
If your child attends school, nursery or a registered childminder, talk to them about your worries – they will be able to work with you to build your child’s skills and advise on any next steps needed.
Find out more about your baby’s health and development reviews here
Baby and toddler play ideas and tips on how to help with speech and every day skills. Visit Website Tiny Happy People is here to help you develop your child’s language skills. Explore our simple activities and play ideas and find out about babies and toddlers’ amazing early development. Visit Website
Baby and toddler play ideas and tips on how to help with speech and every day skills.
Visit Website
Tiny Happy People is here to help you develop your child’s language skills. Explore our simple activities and play ideas and find out about babies and toddlers’ amazing early development.
Visit Website
It is sometimes hard to know what to do and where to go to support your Mental health and Emotional Wellbeing. Click here for Information, advice and useful self-help resources for parents, carers, co-parents, fathers who are experiencing perinatal mental health concerns during pregnancy or in the two years following the birth of a child.
It is sometimes hard to know what to do and where to go to support your Mental health and Emotional Wellbeing. Click here for Information, advice and useful self-help resources for parents, carers, co-parents, fathers who are experiencing perinatal mental health concerns during pregnancy or in the two years following the birth of a child.
This group is led by a new father. Dads are able to get together for relaxed walks around Torbay, offering a chance to connect, get outdoors, and enjoy some fresh air with their little ones.
This group is led by a new father. Dads are able to get together for relaxed walks around Torbay, offering a chance to connect, get outdoors, and enjoy some fresh air with their little ones.
You can check out their Facebook page at: (20+) Dads who stroll | Facebook
For Information, advice, support, groups and recommended resources to support parent infant relationships, click here.
For Information, advice, support, groups and recommended resources to support parent infant relationships, click here.